Exosomes
About
About Exosomes
Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles (30–150 nm) secreted by cells that carry proteins, lipids, mRNA, and microRNA for intercellular communication, with profound regenerative and immunomodulatory properties in emerging clinical applications. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes are used off-label for orthopedic regeneration, hair restoration, skin rejuvenation, and anti-inflammatory conditions. They offer many stem cell benefits without the risks of live cell therapies. Regulatory status is evolving rapidly.
Science
Mechanism of Action
Transfer cargo (growth factors, mRNAs, miRNAs, proteins) to recipient cells via membrane fusion or endocytosis, reprogramming cellular behavior to reduce inflammation, stimulate tissue repair, promote angiogenesis, and modulate immune responses.
Dosing
Typical Protocol
10–200 billion particles IV infusion or local injection; dosing highly variable by preparation and provider. No standardized protocol established.
⚠ Protocol information is for educational purposes only. Dosing must be determined by a licensed physician based on individual health status and goals.
Regulatory
Legal Status in 2026
This compound occupies a regulatory grey area in 2026. It is neither explicitly FDA-approved nor clearly illegal for personal use, but it lacks formal clinical approval and may not be legally sold for human use in all contexts. Proceed with caution: source quality is variable, and regulatory status can change. Always consult a physician.
Evidence
Evidence Tier
Evidence primarily from animal studies, cell cultures, or small pilot human trials. Results are promising but have not yet been confirmed in large-scale human RCTs. Effects in humans may differ from animal models.
Find a Verified Provider
See which Vial-verified providers offer Exosomes — with trust scores, legal credentials, and pricing transparency.