Melatonin
About
About Melatonin
Melatonin is an endogenous pineal hormone that regulates circadian rhythms and sleep-wake cycles, used widely as a supplement for sleep disorders, jet lag, and age-related melatonin decline. Beyond sleep, it has documented antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective properties. Longevity researchers are interested in melatonin's role in mitochondrial protection and its relationship to the aging pineal gland. Available OTC in the US at doses far exceeding physiologic levels.
Science
Mechanism of Action
Binds MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and peripheral tissues to entrain circadian rhythms; also functions as a potent free radical scavenger and mitochondrial antioxidant through receptor-independent mechanisms.
Dosing
Typical Protocol
0.3–5 mg oral 30–60 minutes before sleep; physiologic doses (0.3–0.5 mg) may be more effective than pharmacologic doses (5–10 mg) for sleep onset.
⚠ Protocol information is for educational purposes only. Dosing must be determined by a licensed physician based on individual health status and goals.
Regulatory
Legal Status in 2026
This compound has completed clinical trials and received formal FDA approval for one or more indications. It can be legally prescribed by licensed physicians, filled at any licensed pharmacy, and may be covered by insurance. Off-label use by physicians is also legal. This is the highest level of regulatory clearance available in the US.
Evidence
Evidence Tier
Evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or large observational studies in humans. This is the gold standard — effects have been measured in controlled conditions and results are peer-reviewed and reproducible.
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